Kuva mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 21, cyane cyane ko icyorezo cy'umusonga wa Neocoronal gikomeje gukwirakwira, ikoranabuhanga ry’ibinyabuzima ku isi ryateye imbere byihuse, ingaruka z’ubuzima rusange bw’umutekano n’umutekano zikomeje kwiyongera, inzego zose z’abaturage zita cyane ku bioeconomie, nibihe bioeconomie byatangiye kumugaragaro.
Kugeza ubu, ibihugu n’uturere birenga 60 ku isi byatanze politiki na gahunda by’ingamba bijyanye n’ibinyabuzima n’inganda zikomoka ku binyabuzima, kandi ubukungu bwinshi n’ubukungu bwinjije iterambere ry’ibinyabuzima mu nzira nyamukuru ya politiki y’igihugu.Nigute ushobora kubona icyerekezo rusange cyubwihindurize bwibinyabuzima byisi?Nigute ushobora kumenya gahunda yiterambere mugihe cyibinyabuzima?
Inzira rusange yiterambere ryibinyabuzima byubukungu
Igihe cya bioeconomie cyafunguye ikindi gihe cyiterambere kandi kigera kure cyane nyuma yubukungu bwubuhinzi, ubukungu bwinganda nubukungu bwamakuru, byerekana ibintu bishya rwose bitandukanye nibihe byubukungu bwamakuru.Iterambere ryibinyabuzima bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumusaruro nubuzima bwumuryango wabantu, uburyo bwo kumenya, umutekano wingufu, umutekano wigihugu nibindi.
Inzira ya 1: Ubukungu bwerekana igishushanyo mbonera cyiza cyiterambere rirambye ryumuryango wabantu.
Kugeza ubu, impinduramatwara ya biotechnologie yibasiye isi, kandi siyanse yubuzima yagiye ihinduka ibikorwa byubushakashatsi bwa siyansi ku isi nyuma yubumenyi bwamakuru.Mu myaka icumi ishize, umubare w'impapuro zasohotse mu rwego rw'ibinyabuzima n'ubuvuzi ku isi wegereye kimwe cya kabiri cy'umubare rusange w'impapuro za siyansi.Indwi muri icumi zagezweho mu bumenyi zasohowe n'ikinyamakuru Science mu 2021 zifitanye isano n'ibinyabuzima.Mu mishinga 100 ya mbere ku isi R&D, inganda zikomoka ku binyabuzima zifite hafi kimwe cya gatatu, ziza ku mwanya wa mbere.
Mu myaka yashize, tekinoloji yubumenyi rusange yubuzima nko gukurikiranya gene no guhindura gene byateye imbere byihuse, kandi amafaranga yiterambere ryabo aragabanuka ku kigero kirenze amategeko ya Moore.Ibinyabuzima bigezweho byinjiye buhoro buhoro mu ngo ibihumbi, bituma iterambere ryihuta n’iterambere ry’inganda z’ibinyabuzima, kandi igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubukungu bw’ibinyabuzima kiragaragara.By'umwihariko, ibinyabuzima bigezweho bikomeje gucengera no gukoreshwa mu buvuzi, ubuhinzi, inganda z’imiti, ibikoresho, ingufu n’izindi nzego, bitanga ibisubizo bishya byo gukemura ibibazo bikomeye nk’indwara, umwanda w’ibidukikije, imihindagurikire y’ikirere, umutekano w’ibiribwa, ikibazo cy’ingufu, no gukina uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere ubukungu n’imibereho myiza irambye.Hamwe nogukoresha byihuse ikoreshwa ryibinyabuzima bigenda bivuka nkubuvuzi bushya bwubuvuzi nubuvuzi bwakagari, indwara zumutima nimiyoboro yubwonko nubwonko, kanseri, indwara zubuhumekero zidakira, diyabete, nibindi bizatsindwa, bitezimbere ubuzima bwabantu kandi birambe kuramba.Kwihutisha guhuza tekinoloji yororoka hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryambukiranya imipaka nko gutoranya genome zose, gutunganya gene, gukurikiranwa kwinshi, hamwe na fenotype ikuraho neza ibiribwa no guteza imbere ibidukikije.Biosynthesis, ibikoresho bishingiye kuri bio nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa cyane.Ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku binyabuzima bizasimburwa buhoro buhoro hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibicuruzwa bikomoka kuri peteroli n’amakara mu myaka icumi iri imbere, bizatanga uburyo bwiza bwo kubyaza umusaruro icyatsi no kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-10-2022